TONTO NATIONAL FOREST
2,874,580 acres. This enormous National Forest in arid central Arizona has diverse and outstanding scenery, including steep rugged peaks, precipitous canyons, buttes and mesas, painted cliffs and bluffs, rocky outcrops and pinnacles.
There are several desert mountain ranges, and an area of Indian cliff dwellings is included. Vegetation ranges from saguaro cactus and manzanita to pinyon-juniper and forests of fir and pine. Deer, bear, and mountain lion are among the wildlife.
Tonto has eight designated wilderness areas: the 252,000-acre Mazatzal Wilderness, the 160,000-acre Superstition Wilderness, the 53,500-acre Four Peaks Wilderness, the 36,780-acre Hellsgate
Wilderness, the 32,800-acre Salt River Canyon Wilderness, the 20,850-acre Sierra Ancha Wilderness, the 18,950-acre Salome Wilderness, and 11,450 acres of the 20,000-acre Pine Mountain Wilderness.
Activities: Backpacking and hiking are possible on over 800 miles of trails, including the 51-mile Highline National Recreation Trail, the 29-mile Mazatzal Divide Trail, and the 28-mile Verde River Trail. Difficulty varies from easy to strenuous.
Horses are allowed on many trails. Cross-country skiing is possible at higher elevations during the snow season. Limited rafting and kayaking are available on the Verde and Salt Rivers. Fishing is another option, and hunting is permitted in season.
Camping Regulations: Camping is allowed throughout the National Forest, except where otherwise prohibited. Campfires may be built, but the use of a stove is recommended for cooking. No permits are necessary except for outfitter-guide services. When in wilderness areas, camp at least 300 feet from water sources and away from trails. Summer heat is sometimes extreme, so spring and fall are the preferred times to camp here.
For Further Information: Tonto National Forest, P.O. Box 5348, 2324 East McDowell Road, Phoenix, AZ 85010; (602)225-2500.
1768 The Regulators, a group of disaffected settlers from the Philadelphia Subway Map western counties of North Carolina who desire the right to regulate their own local government, formally organize Philadelphia Subway Map . They believe that powerful interests along the coast are mismanaging the colony. The Regulators are not simply vigilantes; they are also a formidable political movement, whose efforts are interrupted by the onset of the War for Independence. 1770 In an effort to weaken the Townshend Act duties, Cape Fear merchants pledge their support of nonimportation. 1771 Queens College is chartered in Charlotte, Mecklenburg County. It is the first and only college to be founded in North Carolina by the colonial government, although it reverts to private ownership in 1772. 1774 At Edenton, fifty-one women led by Penelope Barker sign an agreement to do whatever they can to support the Country cause. The Edenton Tea Party is an early example of female political activity in association with the resistance to the British. The early 1770s also see the formation of a number of Committees of Safety, designed to keep up pressure on the British and enforce nonimportation among colonists.
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