CODEX THEODOSIANUS from Omaha Official collection of imperial laws from Constantine 312 to Theodosius II 438, year of publication, to take effect on 1 January 439. Compiled to answer the need for legal certainty requested, e.g., in the anonymous late-4th-c. treatise De rebus bellicis, it should be thought of as the expression of a precise initiative of the chancellery of the court of Constantinople, with two aims: 1 to collect all the imperial decrees, from Constantine to Theodosius II inclusive, in a codex characterized by the diversitates existing between the various laws see CTh I, 1,5 of 429, thus a sort of pure inventory of material; 2 to provide, besides the exposition of the laws, the integration of the iura, i.e., to present the dialogue between the regulative activity of the emperors and the creative interpretation of jurisprudence, with the declared aim of creating a magisterium vitae, a systematic exposition of the legal system considered as educational activity and instruction for imperial subjects loc. cit.. The first program of 429 was essentially a failure, and in 435 Theodosius II began a new initiative CTh I, 1,6, apparently autonomous and more modest than the first, which provided for the ordering of decrees according to the contents expressed in their titles and instructing the drafters of the collection to be brief and clear, i.e., to limit texts to the essential, clarifying their contents so as to make them usable in practice: the relationship between the two programs should perhaps be understood as a reuse, for different ends, of the material collected as a result of the provisions of 429.
The tribe consisted of eight clans, or families, to which each member claimed affiliation. Omaha Subway Map Senecas were members of the Bear, Turtle, Wolf, Beaver, Snipe, Hawk, Heron, and Deer clans. Clans rotated membership in the councils, and each council member would assume the name of the predecessor from his clan. Handsome Lake (Skanyarioh), for example, was the name of the council member of the Turtle Clan. The Seneca occupied most of what is now the western portion of New York, residing in villages in parts of Livingston, Ontario, and Monroe Counties. Yet the main concentration of Seneca villages was split into two groups, the eastern and western tribes, a division that existed before the formation of the Iroquois Confederacy.
These villages were moved every ten to twenty years, for both economic and environmental reasons. While the Seneca encountered immigrants from many parts of Europe during the colonial period, missionaries and fur traders dominated the bulk of the interactions between the tribe and whites. As the westernmost tribe of the Iroquois and because of their experience and expertise in trapping furs, the Seneca consolidated their hold over the fur trade in western New York. Thus, the tribe dealt heavily with French, Dutch, and, later, English traders. The Dutch presence in western New York was limited, however, and, by the early sixteenth century, the French were the primary European buyers of beaver pelts and other furs.
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